| What's New in HAP v4.0 |
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- New Interface. A Windows graphical user interface has been implemented. The new interface should make it easier to work with your data since you can see more data at one time, and can manipulate it directly. Further information can be found in the help topics dealing with the main program window , performing common tasks and the HAP tutorial .
- Duplicating Data. One of the powerful features of the new interface is the duplicate option. This option is used to create a new item (such as a wall or a space) based on defaults from an existing item. For example, when entering a series of similar spaces, you can enter data for the first space, and then create the additional spaces by duplicating the first one. Since only a few input items need to be changed in each successive space, a vast amount of time can be saved versus entering all data items for each space.
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- Report Appearance has been enhanced by using proportional fonts, gridlines and color. The appearance of graphical reports has also been improved.
- Copy to Clipboard. A feature has been added for copying report images to the Windows clipboard. Once in the clipboard, the image can be inserted into other documents such as CAD drawings and spreadsheets.
- Save as Bitmap. A feature has been added for saving report images as a bitmap files. The bitmap images can then be inserted into word processor documents, slide presentations or graphics programs.
- Calculate Options have been removed from the program. Instead, when you need to produce system design reports, you simply select the desired reports. HAP will determine if the calculation data needed for the reports already exists. If it does not exist, calculations will be run automatically before your reports are generated. HAP keeps track of all relationships between your input data and is therefore always able to determine when calculations are needed. Example: You enter walls, roofs, windows, spaces and an air system, and then generate system design reports. Later you modify one wall type for one space. The next time you request reports for a system serving this space, HAP will know data has changed and new calculations will be run before producing reports.
- In the Air System Sizing Summary humidification sizing data has been added.
- In the Air System Sizing Summary sizing data for terminal units such as fan coils and water source heat pumps has been removed and has been moved to the Zone Sizing Summary report.
- In the Air System Design Load Summary separate details columns for cooling and heating are now provided so differences in fan and ventilation airflow for the cooling and heating conditions can be seen.
- New Report. A new system design report titled System Psychrometrics has been added. It provides data from the system psychrometric chart graph in a tabular format, plus information about airflow rates and loads in the system. This report is very useful for investigating and diagnosing system performance.
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- On-Line Help. The format for program documentation has changed. The on-line help system now contains documentation equivalent in scope to the user's manual from previous versions of HAP. This represents an enormous increase in the amount of documentation available on-line. We hope that having this information available at your fingertips when running the program will improve its usefulness. A printed manual titled HAP Quick Reference Guide is also provided. It describes basic operating principles for the program, provides a tutorial and a detailed example problem, and offers application advice.
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- Projects. Data is now stored as part of a project . A project can contain data for more than one program at a time. For example, a project can contain HAP data as well as rooftop or air handler selection data. Project data can be stored in any folder on any drive you choose. You are no longer restricted to placing data within specific folders in the hard disk tree structure.
- Data Management. Features are provided in HAP for creating , opening , editing , deleting , archiving and retrieving project data.
- Retrieve From Previous Version. HAP provides a feature for electronically retrieving data from HAP v3.2 and System Design Load v1.2 for use in HAP v4.0. When data is retrieved, it is converted to a format compatible with v4.0.
- Export to Previous Version. A feature is also provided for electronically exporting data from HAP v4.0 to HAP v3.2. Because energy simulation features have not yet been converted to the Windows format, some users who run system design calculations in HAP v4.0 may need to transfer data to HAP v3.2 to perform energy simulations. The Export feature is provided for this purpose.
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- New Design Weather. HAP's design weather database has been upgraded to use 1997 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals data for most cities. For cities no longer listed in the ASHRAE Handbook, we have retained the prior data. HAP identifies the source of weather data for each city in the database.
- Winter Wet-Bulb. Winter coincident wet-bulb has been added as a design parameter. This value is needed for performing humidification design calculations at the heating design condition. Winter coincident wet-bulb design data is not available in handbooks such as the 1997 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals. The HAP database contains default data representing 50% relative humidity at the corresponding winter design dry-bulb temperature. If you have access to more representative data, we encourage you to modify this default.
- Cooling Calculation Months. The range of months included in design cooling calculations has been moved to the weather input form. In prior versions of HAP this specification was made each time you ran design calculations for an air system. Due to the addition of plant design features, a common range of calculation months is needed for all systems and plants in the project. Therefore, this range is defined once when entering weather data and is then used thereafter for all design calculations.
- Daylight Savings Time. The ability to specify the day of the month for the start and end of daylight savings time has been added. Prior versions only permited first and last months to be defined.
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- Creating Items. Features have been added for defining new schedules, walls, roofs, windows, doors and shades without leaving the space input form. To create a new item, choose the "create new..." option in the drop down lists for schedules, walls, roofs, windows, doors and shades.
- Editing Items. Features have been added for editing existing schedules, walls, roofs, windows, doors and shades without leaving the space input form. To edit data, press the button to the left of the drop-down list used to choose a schedule, wall, roof, window, door or shade type.
- Doors. Door characteristics are now defined as an entity separate from spaces, in a manner similar to walls, roofs and windows. Once a door type has been defined, it can be linked to exposures in as many spaces as desired. The purpose of this change was to reduce input effort. For example, if the same door construction is used in four spaces in a building, the construction characteristics only need to be defined once rather than four times for the four spaces. In addition, doors can now be assigned to each exposure in a space. Further, multipliers can be used to define the number of doors present on that exposure. Previously, you were limited to one door per space.
- External Shading. External shading devices (reveals, overhangs, fins), are now defined as an entity separate from spaces, in a similar manner to walls, roofs and windows. Once a the shading geometry has been defined, it can be linked to as many windows in spaces as desired. The purpose of this change was to reduce input effort. For example, if a building contains 50 spaces having windows, and each window uses the same external shading geometry, it only needs to be defined once. In previous versions of HAP, the shading dimensions would have been defined 50 times, once for each space.
- Floors. Inputs for modelling heat transmission through slab-on-grade floors , basement floors and basement walls have been expanded. In prior versions, HAP assumed the U-value for the slab or basement floor; and the user was only asked to specify the R-value for the floor covering material. In HAP v4.0, the user now defines the overall U-value for the floor assembly and is therefore in full control of modeling heat transmission through the floor. Further, in prior versions of HAP the U-value for below-grade basement walls was assumed. In HAP v4.0, the basement wall U-value is now a user input item.
- Infiltration. The meaning of the infiltration CFM/sqft and L/s/sqm specifications have changed. In prior versions of HAP this referred to infiltration CFM per sqft of space floor area (L/s/sqm). In HAP v4.0 it now refers to CFM per sqft of gross exterior wall area (L/s/sqm). This change was made at the request of program users who noted that infiltration occurs through openings in the exterior walls of a space, and rules of thumb for infiltration rates are often tabulated in this format. When translating data from HAP v3.2 to v4.0, the translator program automatically converts infiltration data defined in terms of CFM/sqft or L/s/sqm to the new convention. In addition, users now have to option of defining infiltration in terms of air changes per hour.
- Average Ceiling Height is a new input item. It is used to determine the volume of a space in order to calculate infiltration air changes.
- Activity Levels. Two new activity levels added for occupant heat gains: athletics and dancing.
- Global Changes. Enhanced features for globally changing space data are offered.
- Rotation. Enhanced features for rotating wall and roof orientations in spaces are offered.
- Spaces Per Project. As in prior versions of HAP, up to 1,200 spaces can be defined per project.
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- Air Systems. The meaning of the term air system has been adjusted in v4.0. Formerly it referred only to the air-side components in an HVAC system: fans, coils, supply terminals, and ductwork for instance. In HAP v4.0, the definition has been expanded to include components of packaged DX cooling equipment, and electric and combustion heating equipment. Thus, for a packaged rooftop unit, "air system" refers to all components inside the packaged unit. Formerly, the refrigeration components in a DX cooling unit and the electric and combustion heating components were classified as "plant" equipment. The term plant now refers to equipment such as chillers and boilers which remotely supply cooling or heating to coils in an air system.
- Equipment Types. Because of the change in the definition of the term "air system", you are now required to choose an equipment type for each air system you define. Examples of "equipment type" include packaged rooftop units, split systems, chilled water AHUs and others.
- Note that users also have the option of choosing the "undefined" equipment type. This option is intended for block load estimates and other design applications in which the equipment type is not yet known or is not relevant.
- Coil Sources. Also due to the change in the definition of the term "air system", you are now asked to specify the cooling source and heating source for each coil in your air system. Currently, the cooling or heating source determines whether sizing data for water flow rates will be provided on system design reports. When energy simulation features are added in HAP v4.1, it will also be used in energy consumption calculations.
- Note that when working with systems in the "undefined" equipment class, this requirement is eliminated. The coil source defaults to "any" in all cases.
- System Types. All air system types offered in prior versions of HAP are offered in v4.0 except the "Convective Cooling/Heating" system type.
- Zones. The number of zones permitted per air system has been increased from 50 to 100. Improved features for naming zones have also been implemented. While it was possible to assign names to zones in prior versions of HAP, many users were unaware of this feature. The naming feature in HAP v4.0 is simple and straightforward.
- Coil Control Options. Control options for central cooling and heating coils have been revised to use clearer terminology. The terms used in prior versions of HAP often led to confusion and inadvertant errors in modeling system controls. For example, in HAP v3.2 the option needed to properly model control for a packaged DX cooling coil was referred to as "supply air reset based on greatest zone demand". In HAP v4.0, the option is referred to as "cycled or staged compressor" control.
- Minimum Zone Airflow. The minimum airflow required for a zone supply terminal can now be specified. The design supply airflow rate assigned to a zone will either be the airflow rate calculated from zone and space loads, or the minimum airflow specified, whichever is larger. In VAV systems, the minimum required airflow is also used to determine the minimum airflow for the VAV box. For example, if 25 CFM/person is specified as the minimum flow required and a zone contains 10 people, the program will calculate 250 CFM as the minimum airflow for the VAV terminal.
- Retrofit Applications. When working with retrofit applications, or when studying the performance of an existing air system, supply and ventilation airflow rates plus terminal heating coil capacities can be directly specified. A similar feature was offered in prior versions of HAP, but required that sizing data be specified each time calculations were run. Sizing data can now be entered with the rest of the system inputs and saved with the system. Of course, the option for letting HAP calculate airflow and reheat coil capacities still exists and is the standard default for all systems.
- Common Ventilation Airflow for Terminal Units. Sizing procedures have been changed for common ventilation units used with terminal units such as fan coils and water source heat pumps. Previously, the common ventilation airflow was determined from the system wide-occupancy or floor area, and then divided among fan coil or heat pump zones based on floor area ratios. The new procedure calculates ventilation airflow for each zone separately (e.g., based on the occupancy or floor area of each separate zone). Zone ventilation airflows are then summed to determine the total airflow for the central ventilation unit. This new procedure produces the same total ventilation airflow as in previous versions, but changes the distribution of ventilation airflow among zones.
- Duct Leakage. Modeling of duct leakage has been changed. In prior versions it was assumed air leaked from supply ducts was lost from the system entirely (e.g., leaked to ambient). In v4.0, air leaked from supply ducts is assumed to find its way into the return air stream. Duct leakage will therefore affect the temperature and flow rate of return air.
- Humidification design calculations are now performed by the program.
- Zone Heating Unit terminology has been changed. These are baseboard or fan coil heating units located in zones served by an air system. In prior versions of HAP they were referred to as "Space Heating Units" meaning control by an indoor thermostat, and "Skin Heating Units" meaning control by an outdoor thermostat. Feedback indicated this terminology was not clear. In HAP v4.0 the new terms are "Zone Heating Unit with Room T-Stat Control" and "Zone Heating Unit with Outdoor Air T-Stat Control".
- 2-Fan Dual Duct VAV cooling supply fan may now be draw-thru or blow-thru. Prior versions required that the cooling supply fan in this system have a blow-thru configuration.
- Fan BHP terminology has been changed. Prior versions of the program used "fan BHP" to mean the horsepower at the end of the fan shaft, a classical definition. In HAP v4.0, the common industry definition is now used. "Fan BHP" is the horsepower equivalent of the fan motor input power. When converting data from HAP v3.2 to HAP v4.0, the translation software adjusts fan BHP data using the specified values of shaft horsepower and motor efficiency.
- Coil Schedules. Monthly on/off schedules are now specified separately for each cooling and heating coil in the system. In prior versions of HAP, some coils shared the same schedule. Example: The central cooling coil and the precool coil shared the same schedule. Now they are assigned separate schedules.
- Hydronic Coil Sizing. Users may now specify the delta-T sizing criteria for hydronic cooling and heating coils. In prior versions, HAP provided reference water flow rates based on standard delta-T criteria.
- Systems per Project. As in prior versions of HAP, up to 250 systems can be defined per project.
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- Plants. As noted earlier in section G, the definition of the term plant has been adjusted in HAP v4.0. The term "plant" now refers to the equipment used to provided cooling or heating from an external source to air systems. Examples include chillers and boilers. In previous versions of HAP, "plant" also referred to the refrigeration components in DX cooling systems and to electric resistance and combustion heating equipment. These components are now included within the definition of an "air system".ยท Plant Sizing. Explicit features for designing chiller and boiler plants have been added. Prior versions of HAP provided plant sizing features, but they were folded into the air system design process. Plant design is now explicit and should be much easier to work with.
- Plants per Project. As in prior versions, up to 100 plants can be defined per project.
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- Schedule Inputs. Graphical features for defining schedules have been added.
- Profiles. The number of 24-hour profiles comprising a schedule has been increased from 4 to 8. Profiles within a schedule may also be assigned to different months of the year. Previously the program required each profile to be used for all 12 months of the year. For example, if design profiles for occupancy in a school change between times of year when school is in session and during times when it is out of session, separate profiles can be defined for these two times of year.
- Fan/Thermostat Schedules are now defined using the same input procedure as schedules used for lighting and occupant heat gains. However, rather than defining percentages for each hour, users designate each hour as belonging to the occupied or unoccupied thermostat period. All new features offered for standard schedules are available for fan/thermostat schedules: graphical input features, up to 8 profiles per schedule, assignment of profiles to individual months of the year.
- Schedules per Project. There are no longer limits on the number of schedules you can define. Quantity is only limited by your hard disk space.
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- Simple, Predefined and Custom Walls. While HAP v4.0 uses one standard input interface for defining walls , features for choosing the "simple walls" and "predefined walls" or for defining "custom walls" that were offered HAP v3.2 are still available. Please refer to the Common Wall Assembly Applications help topic for details.
- Range of Construction Types. The algorithm for calculating transfer function coefficients for wall assemblies has been enhanced to accept a wider range of construction types. Prior versions of the program had difficulty calculating heat transfer for certain types of walls, such as those that are very massive.
- Walls per Project. There are no longer limits on the number of wall assemblies you can define. Quantity is only limited by your disk space.
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- Simple, Predefined and Custom Roofs. While HAP v4.0 uses one standard input interface for defining roofs , features for choosing the "simple roofs" and "predefined roofs" or for defining "custom roofs" that were offered HAP v3.2 are still available. Please refer to the Common Roof Assembly Applications help topic for details.
- Range of Construction Types. The algorithm for calculating transfer function coefficients for roof assemblies has been enhanced to accept a wider range of construction types. Prior versions of the program had difficulty calculating heat transfer for certain types of roofs, such as those that are very massive.
- Roofs per Project. There are no longer limits on the number of roof assemblies you can define. Quantity is only limited by your disk space.
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- Simple, Predefined and Custom Windows. HAP v4.0 provides options for defining window assemblies in simple or detailed terms. For the simple input, the window dimensions and overall U-value and shade coefficient are defined. This is the counterpart to the "simple" window type offered in previous versions of HAP. For detailed input, the components of the window (frame, glazings, internal shades) are defined and the program calculates the resulting U-value and shade coefficient. This is the counterpart to the "predefined" and "custom" window types in previous versions of HAP.
- Windows per Project. There are no longer limits on the number of window assemblies you can define. Quantity is only limited by your disk space.
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- Doors. As mentioned earlier, doors are now defined as entities separate from spaces. Once you enter and save a door construction , it can be linked to as many spaces as desired.
- Doors per Project. There are no limits imposed on the number of door types you can define. Quantities are only limited by your hard disk storage space.
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- External Shading. As mentioned earlier, external shading geometries (reveals, overhangs, fins) are now defined as entities separate from spaces. Once you enter and save shading geometry data , it can be linked to as many windows in as many spaces as desired.
- External Shading Types per Project. There are no limits imposed on the number of external shade geometries you can define. Quantities are only limited by your hard disk storage space.
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